AKU: An African Journal of Contemporary Research

Criminality in Nigeria has grown into a major threat to national security and socio economic progress, marked by an increase in terrorism, armed robbery, kidnapping, cybercrime, and political violence. These criminal acts have created an atmosphere of insecurity that hinders the nation's advancement. This paper investigates the multifaceted criminality patterns in Nigeria, closely examining its root causes and the resulting implications for national security. The analysis focuses on the socioeconomic, political, and cultural drivers of crime, such as poverty, inequality, corruption, and weak governance. Additionally, it assesses the efficacy of existing security measures, including law enforcement reforms and military interventions, noting their shortcomings in managing the complexities of crime in Nigeria. The study utilizes a secondary qualitative methodology, employing content analysis and existing literature to explore changing trends and the impacts of criminality. The findings indicate that although some security initiatives show potential, they often fail due to systemic corruption within law enforcement agencies, poor intelligence, and insufficient resources. Therefore, the paper offers strategic recommendations for bolstering national security, advocating for a holistic approach that integrates institutional reforms with socio-economic development. Ultimately, the study contends that effectively addressing criminality requires a multi-dimensional strategy that targets both the underlying social issues and the weaknesses within Nigeria's security apparatus. By implementing such a strategy, Nigeria can work toward restoring safety, improving governance, and encouraging sustainable development for its people.

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